Grandiosity 夸大 The grandiosity of paranoid states is a characteristic that is a more orless constant feature of the syndrome, but whose intensity undergoes considerable degrees of variability. Freud had noted its recuperative and reparative aspects and the role that it plays in preservation of self-esteem, and the denial of weakness and dependency has often been commented on. In relationship to the paranoid construction, however, it can be seen as insistence upon the rightness of the construction and the goodness of its formulation. The retreat to grandiosity, therefore, not only involves a denial and a compensation, but it also involves an assertion of the conviction of rightness. 偏执状态的夸大是一种特征，或多或少是该综合征的一个恒定特征，但其强度经历了相当程度的变异性。弗洛伊德注意到它的恢复和修复方面以及它在维护自尊方面所起的作用，而否认软弱和依赖经常被评论。然而，在偏执建构的关系中，它可以被看作是对建构的正当性和表述的良善性的坚持。因此，退回到夸大，不仅涉及否认和补偿，而且还涉及对信念正确性的断言。 The intensity of the grandiosity is obviously a function of the need to deny the underlying weakness and inadequacy that the patient senses. This can, and often does, reach delusional proportions. Schreber's messianic delusions of an alliance with God can be seen not only as salvaging self-esteem and as a denial of his inner feelings of weakness and inadequacy, but also as an attempt to reconstitute meaningfulness and significance in his existence. If the paranoid construction is viewed as aimed at a coherent system of beliefs which give consistency, meaning, and rightness to the patient's life experience, then the role of grandiosity in supporting and sustaining this conviction can be more easily appreciated. 夸大的强度显然是一种功能，需要否认病人感觉到的潜在的弱点和不足。这可能，而且常常达到妄想的程度。Schreber[弗洛伊德分析过的人物，是个偏执]对与上帝结盟的弥赛亚妄想[这种妄想不是被迫害妄想，而是夸大妄想]，不仅可以被视为拯救自尊，否定他觉得自己软弱和不足的内心感受，也可以被视为试图重建他存在的意义和重要性。如果偏执的建构被看作是为了建立一个连贯的信念系统，它赋予病人的生活经验以一致性、意义和正确性，那么夸大在支持和维持这种信念方面的作用就会更容易被理解。