Toxic Influences Paranoid symptomatology may be seen in any one of a number of conditions associated with the influence of toxic substances. There are a large number of such toxic substances which have been known to produce paranoid symptomatology, probably merely on the common basis of an alteration in central nervous system metabolism and functioning. 偏执症状可能出现在与有毒物质影响有关的任何一种情况中。已知有大量此类有毒物质会产生偏执症状，可能只是基于中枢神经系统代谢和功能的改变。 The accompanying change in states of consciousness may serve to exacerbate or activate latent paranoid tendencies in such individuals. However, the additional question remains largely unsolved—namely, whether the paranoid manifestations are directly related to the toxic effects of centrally active substances. It is more than likely in most of these cases that the effects are multiply determined—that is to say, that they are the combined result of an interaction of predisposing factors in the individual personality together with toxic effects of the drugs in question, and possibly additionally in conjunction with certain susceptibilities to toxic influence of central nervous system structures. I would like to stress here briefly some of the more common toxic states which are related to paranoid manifestations of this kind. 伴随而来的意识状态的变化可能会加剧或激活这些人的潜在偏执倾向。然而，另一个问题在很大程度上仍未解决，即偏执表现是否与中枢活性物质的毒性作用直接相关。在大多数情况下，这些影响很可能是多重决定的——也就是说，它们是个人性格中的诱发因素与有关药物的毒性作用相互作用的综合结果，还可能与中枢神经系统结构对毒性影响的某些易感性相结合。我想在这里简单地强调一下与这种偏执表现有关的一些比较常见的中毒状态。