Early Years 早年 We can focus our attention on Ellen and her own development. Of all the children, Ellen stands out as the one who gave the most trouble in raising. She was an active, aggressive, and mischievous child. She was constantly getting into fights with her siblings and with her age-mates in school and in the neighborhood. Much of her interaction with her own siblings was governed by an intense jealousy—a feeling that they were better loved and favored than she was. This feeling was particularly directed at her oldest brother whom she felt was favored by the mother. Although her mother staunchly denied any difficulties or problems in Ellen's childhood, there seem to have been many. From her earliest years there had been a continuing antagonism and conflict between Ellen and her mother. They could not seem to get along, and arguing and scolding seemed chronic. Mother saw Ellen as stubborn, willful, and vicious. 我们可以把注意力集中在埃伦和她自己的发展上。在所有的孩子中，埃伦是最难缠的一个。她是一个活泼、好胜、淘气的孩子。她经常和兄弟姐妹，还有同龄人在学校和社区里打架。她和自己的兄弟姐妹之间的大部分互动都是由强烈的嫉妒控制的——一种感觉，即他们比她更受宠爱。这种感觉特别针对她的哥哥，她觉得他受到母亲的宠爱。虽然她的母亲坚决否认在埃伦的童年有任何困难或问题，但似乎有很多。从她很小的时候起，爱伦和她母亲之间就一直存在着对立和冲突。他们似乎无法相处，争吵和责骂似乎成了家常便饭。母亲认为爱伦固执、任性、恶毒。 Again—in the face of mother's denials—Ellen seems to have been a persistent bed wetter from her earliest years through the school years until she was about twelve years old. This was a focus of intense concern on mother's part. Ellen was scolded and shamed for her wetting. Mother would give her Lysol baths in the morning before she went to school so that she would not smell badly in school. Ellen also on occasion would wet herself in school. She remembers her shame and embarrassment on this account and recalls that the wetting was related to her fear of asking the nuns for permission to go to the bathroom. Her whole school experience was colored by her fear of the nuns who taught her. For most of early school years she lived interror of them, and as a result was a very obedient and submissive child. But there were unmistakable signs of her ornery disposition. Ellen had had special glasses prescribed for a mild strabismus and was supposed to wear the glasses at school. She refused to do this and repeatedly smashed several pairs of glasses. Her mother was, of course, enraged at this behavior, but Ellen stubbornly refused to wear the glasses. Finally her parents had to give up trying to force them on her. 尽管母亲一再否认，但从她很小的时候起，从上学到大约12岁，埃伦似乎一直是一个尿床的人。这是母亲十分关心的问题。埃伦因弄湿衣服而受到责骂和羞辱。妈妈会在早上上学前给她洗来苏水，这样她在学校就不会有难闻的气味。埃伦有时也会在学校里尿裤子。她还记得自己在这件事上的羞愧和尴尬，并回忆说，尿裤子是因为她害怕请求修女允许她上厕所。她对教她的修女的恐惧影响了她的整个求学经历。在她上学初期的大部分时间里，她都生活在她们中间，因此她是一个非常听话、顺从的孩子。但她的性格中却有明显的暴躁迹象。埃伦有一副治疗轻度斜视的特制眼镜，应该在学校戴上。她拒绝这样做，并多次打碎了几副眼镜。当然，她的母亲对这种行为很生气，但埃伦固执地拒绝戴眼镜。最后，她的父母不得不放弃强迫她这样做。 Academically Ellen's school performance was adequate. Socially, however, it left much to be desired. She had few friends and seemed unable to get along with the other children. She was constantly getting into fights with the other students, and felt picked on and rejected by them. She could recall only one friend in all of grammar school—a girl who left the school because the nuns were too hard on her, according to Ellen. This pattern persisted until about the seventh or eighth grade. About this time, Ellen began to get into occasional trouble at school. She was resentful and resistive whenever the teachers told her to do something or demanded something from her that she was unwilling to do. 埃伦在学校的学业成绩很好。然而，在社交方面，还有许多不足之处。她几乎没有朋友，似乎无法与其他孩子相处。她经常和其他学生打架，觉得被他们欺负和拒绝。据埃伦说，在所有小学同学里，她只记得里有一个朋友——一个因为修女对她太严厉而离开学校的女孩。这种情况一直持续到七、八年级左右。大约在这个时候，埃伦开始在学校里偶尔惹麻烦。每当老师让她做一些她不愿意做的事情，或者要求她做一些她不愿意做的事情时，她总是充满怨恨和抵触。 During these childhood years, Ellen was characterized by her quick temper and her relative lack of affection. There was little by way of affectionate exchange among the members of her family—but, even so, Ellen was less affectionate than the others. Her relationships with siblings, friends, and others were all characteristically antagonistic and stubbornly hostile. There was not very much of the tomboy in her, but she had a marked capacity for malicious mischief. Her jealousy of her oldest brother was a motivation for many of her pranks—and he became the special target, although the other siblings were also victims of her mischief. One such episode she recalled was her greasing the stairs with Crisco where she knew her brother would be coming. When he slipped and fell, she laughed maliciously. 在这段童年时期，埃伦的特点是脾气暴躁，相对缺乏爱心。她的家庭成员之间几乎没有什么亲热的交流，但即使这样，爱伦也比其他成员更冷淡。她与兄弟姐妹、朋友和其他人的关系都是典型的对抗和顽固的敌对。她身上没有多少假小子的气质，但明显有恶意捣蛋的能力。她对大哥的嫉妒是她许多恶作剧的动机之一，他成了她的特别目标，尽管其他兄弟姐妹也是她恶作剧的受害者。她回忆起的其中一件事是，她和克里斯科在楼梯上抹油，她知道哥哥会经过。当他滑倒时，她恶意地笑了。 She had few friends through all of her school years. In high school she dated very rarely, even though she was an attractive girl. Her attitude was one of hostile antagonism toward boys, but also toward girls. She would be critical in such relationships and ridicule anyone who tried to be friendly with her. She carried this attitude into her high school experience. Her father's business ventures had proven moderately successful and the family enjoyed a certain amount of affluence. It was possible to send the children to private schools. Ellen was sent to a fashionable Catholic high school for girls. Her antagonistic and suspicious attitude made it very difficult for her to make any friends among her fellow students. She felt that she was not as good as the other girls attending the school. She felt that her family was poorer and from a lower social class than theirs, and felt embarrassed and awkward about this. She regarded the other girls at the school as snobs. She made no friends. In her second year at this school, Ellen began getting into fights. She would attack other girls, thinking that they were talking about her or laughing at her. It seemed clear that her paranoid attitude was already established at this stage of her life. 她在整个学校里几乎没有朋友。高中时，她很少约会，尽管她是一个很有魅力的女孩。她对男孩的态度是敌对的，对女孩也是如此。在这种关系中，她会很挑剔，嘲笑任何试图与她友好相处的人。她把这种态度带进了她的高中生活。事实证明，她父亲的企业相当成功，家庭也相当富裕。把孩子送到私立学校是可能的。埃伦被送到一所时髦的天主教女子高中。她的敌对和怀疑态度使她很难在同学中交到朋友。她觉得自己不如上学的其他女孩好。她觉得相比其他人，自己家比较穷，而且来自比较低的社会阶层，并因此感到很尴尬。她认为学校里的其他女孩都是势利小人。她没交到朋友。在这所学校的第二年，埃伦开始打架。她会攻击其他女孩，以为她们在谈论她或嘲笑她。显然，她偏执的态度已经在她人生的这个阶段形成了。 During her high school years, she decided that she would like to become a nurse. The idea was not received favorably by the family. Her father particularly was opposed. He felt that with her temperament nursing would be too demanding and stressful for her. He thought she should aim at being a secretary or some other less stressful work. 在她的高中时代，她决定将来当一名护士。这个主意不被家人接受。她父亲尤其反对。他觉得按照她的气质，护理对她来说太苛刻、太有压力了。他认为她的目标应该是当一名秘书或其他压力较小的工作。