Maternal Narcissism 母亲自恋 Fred's relationship to his mother was also difficult, and its complex effects contributed significantly to the form of his pathology. As in other cases of mother-son relationship in this series, the ties between Fred and his mother were intense, highly ambivalent, and symbiotic. As the oldest son, Fred became his mother's special and favorite child. Her own highly narcissistic needs for reassurance and gratification in her mothering role led her to impose on Fred severe and demanding standards of performance. This demanding perfectionism extended to all aspects of his behavior. When he failed to meet these rigidly applied demands, he met with her rage and felt the intensity of her destructive wrath. Fred's failure to submit to and fulfill her demands was seen by her as an affront to her own narcissistic ideals, and thereby posed a serious threat to her own inner sense of inadequacy as a loving and capable mother. 弗雷德与他母亲的关系也很紧张，其复杂的影响对他的病理形式产生了重大贡献。与这一系列中其他母子关系案例一样，弗雷德与他母亲之间的联系紧密、高度矛盾且共生。作为长子，弗雷德成为了他母亲特别宠爱的孩子。她自己在母亲角色中对安慰和满足的高度自恋需求，导致她对弗雷德施加了严格且要求苛刻的表现标准。这种苛求完美的态度延伸到了他行为的各个方面。当他未能达到这些严格的要求时，他会面对她的愤怒，并感受到她破坏性怒火的强烈。弗雷德未能屈服并满足她的要求，被她视为对她自己自恋理想的冒犯，从而对她自己作为一个有爱心和能力的母亲的内在不足感构成了严重威胁。 In addition, in his position as favorite and first son, Fred became the object of many of his mother's frustrated affectional needs. The emotional divorce between his mother and father and the increasing distance between them left his mother emotionally starved and deprived. The intensity of her emotional involvement with her oldest son was thereby increased. The emotional closeness with Fred be an important source of satisfaction and gratification for her, as though the gratifications of complete mothering were in part substituted for the missing gratifications of womanly fulfillment and marital satisfaction. Thus the symbiotic closeness of mother and son was generated and intensified and the seductive quality of her affectional expression brought to bear in the relationship. 此外，作为最受宠爱的长子，弗雷德成为了满足他母亲许多受挫折的情感需求的对象。他父母之间的情感疏离以及他们之间日益增大的距离，使得他的母亲在情感上感到饥饿和剥夺。因此，她与她长子的情感联系变得更加紧密。与弗雷德的亲密情感关系成为了她满足和愉悦的重要来源，仿佛完整的母性满足感在某种程度上替代了缺失的女性成就感和婚姻满足感。因此，母子之间的共生亲密关系得以产生并加强，而她情感表达中的诱惑性质也在这种关系中发挥了作用。 An important dimension of this interaction, however, was the apparent blurring of boundaries between mother and son. This was evident in her inability all through his childhood to respond in any meaningful way to his needs and expectations. She saw him in terms of a highly narcissistic perception as part of her self that demanded perfectibility and could not tolerate imperfection or limitation. There was in their relationship a combination of elements from the mother's side which had severe implications for Fred. There was an intensely and highly sexualized longing for closeness and affection. There was also an intense hatred and destructiveness toward any manifestations of his behavior or responsiveness that reflected his separateness and individuality. Searles (1966-67) has noted the fact that such maternal murderousness and destructiveness is often mobilized in the service of preserving the mother's fragilely precarious identity, an identity that is defensively symbiotic. The child's movements away from symbiotic involvement and dependence are seen by the mother as malicious and malevolent attempts by the child to destroy her omnipotent and pathologically symbiotic identity. 然而，这种互动的一个重要方面是母子之间界限的明显模糊。这在他整个童年时期，她无法以任何有意义的方式回应他的需求和期望中表现得尤为明显。她以一种高度自恋的看法看待他，将他视为她自我的一部分，要求他完美无缺，不能容忍任何不完美或局限。他们的关系中存在来自母亲方面的多种元素组合，这对弗雷德产生了严重的影响。其中有一种强烈且高度 性爱化的对亲密和情感的渴望。同时，也存在一种强烈的仇恨和破坏性，针对他行为或反应的任何表现，这些表现反映了他的独立性和个性。塞尔斯（1966-1967）指出，这种母性的谋杀和破坏性往往是为了保护母亲脆弱而不稳定的身份而被调动的，这是一种防御性的共生身份。孩子脱离 共生参与和依赖 的举动被母亲视为孩子恶意和恶毒的企图，试图摧毁她全能和病态共生的身份。