Family Disorganization 家庭解体 The history she described to me was an unusual one, and I will recount it here only in the broadest details, leaving the specifics for later reconstruction in relation to the analytic material. Karen's parents were married before the onset of World War II. The family background was Jewish on both sides, although the mother's family was somewhat better off financially and socially than the father's. The father was a career army man, for most of his years in the service attached to army intelligence. Karen's mother was the youngest in her family, and her marriage to a career army officer seems to have been regarded in the upwardly mobile social atmosphere of her middle-class Jewish family as something of a family disgrace. 她向我描述的历史是一段不寻常的历史，我这里只最粗略地叙述一下，留下具体的细节，供以后重建分析材料再用。卡伦的父母在二战前就结婚了。双方的家庭背景都是犹太人，尽管母亲的家庭在经济上和社会上都比父亲的好一些。父亲是一名职业军人，大部分时间在军队情报部门服役。卡伦的母亲是家中最年轻的，她和一位职业军官的婚姻似乎被她中产阶级犹太家庭向上流动的社会氛围视为一种家庭耻辱。 During the early years of their marriage, the young couple traveled extensively in connection with his reassignments in various parts of the country. Finally when World War II broke out, there was a rather lengthy separation for the duration of the war. During the war years the father served in army intelligence operations, working particularly in the Pacific area, and the mother returned to live with her own family. After the war, the couple was again reunited, and in due course Karen was born. 在他们结婚的最初几年里，这对年轻夫妇因为他被调任到全国各地而四处旅行。最后，当第二次世界大战爆发时，在战争期间有一段相当长的分离。在战争年代，父亲在军队情报部门服役，特别是在太平洋地区工作，母亲则回到自己的家庭生活。战后，这对夫妇再次团聚，在适当的时候，卡伦出生了。 When she was only a few months old, her father was again reassigned and had to leave the family. He did not return again until she was about eighteen months old. The family history, from the beginning of Karen's experience in it, was defined in terms of the father's reassignments and the recurrent separations from him. Often enough, the family would move to the new location where the father had been assigned, at least whenever this was possible. But on frequent occasions it was either impractical or impossible for them to stay together, and as a consequence there were long periods, several times lasting for many months to years, when Karen's father was not with them. One particularly lengthy period was during the Korean War, when Karen was about six or seven, when the father was separated from his family for over two years. 当她只有几个月大的时候，她的父亲又被重新分配了工作，不得不离开这个家庭。直到她18个月大时，他才回来。家庭的历史，从卡伦在这个家开始，就被定义为父亲的重新分配和与他的反复分离。通常情况下，这家人会搬到父亲被分配的新地方，至少在可能的情况下是这样。但是，家人在一起常常要么是不现实的，要么是不可能的。因此，有很长一段时间，好几次持续了好几个月甚至几年，卡伦的父亲没有跟他们在一起。其中一个特别漫长的时期是朝鲜战争期间，当时卡伦大约六七岁，父亲与家人分开两年多。 The result of this state of affairs was that the family had to follow an extremely mobile pattern of life. They seemed to be moving from one place to another every few months, and certainly averaging more than once a year. At one point Karen added up something like nineteen different moves that her family had to make. As a result she never spent more than a year in any particular school. Again and again, she had to pick up and move with her parents, usually her mother, leave her friends and schoolmates, and move to a new place where she would have to make new friends and establish herself once again in a new school. She became expert in establishing herself on a secure academic footing in the new schools, and quickly precipitating herself into intense relationship with her peers. She described herself as always having the feeling that she had to get as much out of what was going on around her as possible. She could not afford to miss out on anything, because she never knew when the good things, the friends, and the security around her would be snatched away unexpectedly and seemingly without reason. 这种情况的结果是，这个家庭不得不遵循一种极为流动的生活方式。他们似乎每隔几个月就会从一个地方搬到另一个地方，而且平均每年不止一次。有一次，卡伦算了一下，她一年搬了19次家。因此，她在任何一所学校的学习时间都没有超过一年。一次又一次，她不得不收拾东西跟随父母(通常是她的母亲)搬家，离开她的朋友和同学，搬到一个新的地方，在那里她将不得不结交新的朋友，并再次在一个新的学校成就自己。在新的学校里在学习上立足，她在这方面非常老练，并能很快使自己与同龄人建立了密切的关系。她描述自己总是有一种感觉，那就是她必须尽可能地从周围发生的事情中得到更多的东西。她不能错过任何东西，因为她不知道什么时候她身边的好东西、朋友、安全感会突然毫无理由地被夺走。 Frequently, especially when her father was assigned to overseas, she and her mother would move back to live with the mother's brother's family. They were apparently warmly and generously received, but Karen always felt that they were received as though they were "poor relatives." Moving back with her mother's family was a reminder of what she did not have, namely, the stability and security of a home that she and her family could call their own, and the financial and social status that the mother's family held. As we shall see later on, much of this resentment and disappointment was focused in her relationship to her cousin Ann, who was the same age and with whom she developed a rather intense sibling rivalry. As we shall see later, Karen's bitter and resentful attitude toward her mother's family formed an important part of her overall pathology. 经常，尤其是当她的父亲被派往海外时，她和她的母亲会搬回去和母亲的兄弟一家住在一起。他们显然受到了热情而慷慨的接待，但是卡伦总觉得他们受到了接待，就好像他们是“穷亲戚”一样。搬回母亲的家让她想起了她所没有的东西，那就是她和她的家人可以称之为自己家的这么一个东西的稳定和安全，以及母亲的家庭所拥有的经济和社会地位。我们将在后面看到，这种怨恨和失望主要集中在她和她的表妹安的关系上，她和她的表妹安和她同龄，并且和她发展了相当激烈的兄弟姐妹竞争。我们将在后面看到，卡伦对她母亲的家庭的痛苦和怨恨的态度构成了她整个病态的一个重要部分。