Projective System 投射系统 Within this paranoid framework and its attendant anxiety, Karen fell back on a fairly persistent line of defensive argument. The argument was essentially based on her projective system and her fundamentally externalizing defense. The motif was enunciated in the very first hour: the real difficulty was not personal and individual, that is to say intrapsychic problems, but rather social and cultural patterns which acted in such a way as to victimize the individual. 在这个偏执的框架和随之而来的焦虑中，卡伦又回到了相当顽固的防御性论点上。论点主要是基于她的投射系统和她的外化防御。主题在第一个小时就被阐明了:真正的困难不是个人的，也就是说心理内的问题，而是社会和文化的模式，这种模式的行为使个人受害。 Given this attitude it was little surprise that she should be sympathetic with the Women's Liberation Movement. What the movement told her in effect was that the problem was not hers, but it was one generated on a social and cultural level and that it was essentially based on social and cultural prejudices. Intelligent women, especially women in a profession or who have a career, alienate and threaten men simply by being what they are. Women were in fact sexually repressed. She saw the family as a political system devised to maintain male dominance. 鉴于这种态度，她对妇女解放运动表示同情就不足为奇了。这场运动实际上告诉她，问题不是她的，而是在社会和文化层面上产生的，基本上是基于社会和文化偏见。聪明的女性，尤其是从事职业或有事业的女性，仅仅因为她们的本色就会疏远和威胁男性。事实上，女性在性方面受到压抑。她认为家庭是一种政治制度，旨在保持男性的主导地位。 Rather than penis envy, the problem was power politics. Women were treated as inferior, as children, as if they had no voice and no rights. Moreover, if a woman had opinions and had thought about things and expressed her opinions, especially if she were intelligent, she was automatically labeled as aggressive and castrating. Even though it was abundantly clear that her defensiveness and aggressiveness was called into play to protect her fragile vulnerability, she staunchly refused to acknowledge that had anything to do with the way things were. Moreover, she insisted on the dichotomy. If the problems were internal, they could not be external; and conversely if they were external, she refused to admit that her own internal dynamics could have anything to do with them. In her better moments, however, when she felt secure and less threatened in the analysis, she would somewhat reluctantly admit that what was happening within her might have something to do with the way things turned out. She saw that the world wasin complicity with her own inner prejudices. As she put it, "There's a good deal out there, but a good deal in me, too." And again much later in the course of the analysis, "I guess I'm halfway between seeing it as my problem and the world's problem. That the people who I meet are unavailable or married isn't my fault, but I seem to be in a rut lined with the best excuses." 问题不是阴茎嫉妒，而是权力政治。妇女被视为低人一等，被当作为儿童，仿佛她们没有发言权和权利。此外，如果一个女人有自己的观点，想过事情，表达过自己的观点，尤其是如果她很聪明，她会自动被贴上好斗和阉割的标签。尽管很明显，她的防御和侵略性是为了保护她脆弱的弱点，但她坚决拒绝承认这与事情的发展有任何关系。此外，她坚持一分为二。如果问题是内部的，就不可能是外部的;相反，如果它们是外在的，她拒绝承认她自己的内在动力可能与它们有任何关系。然而，在她比较好的时候，当她在分析中感到安全、不那么受威胁时，她多少会不情愿地承认，她内心发生的事情可能与事情的结果有关。她看到这个世界与她自己内心的偏见串通一气。就像她说的，“外面有很多东西，但我内部也有很多。”在后来的分析过程中，“我想我在把它看作是我的问题和世界的问题之间已经走了一半。我遇到的那些人现在没空或者已经结婚了，这并不是我的错，但是我似乎总是用最好的借口来搪塞他们。” An episode that seemed to make an impression on her took place during a plane ride in which she was returning from a short vacation. She met a young girl on the plane who was a college girl, was interested in the same professional field as Karen, and was also a Phi Beta Kappa. They got into a discussion of graduate schools and the young woman's attitude made a strong impression on Karen. She was highly critical, in fact condescending. None of the schools she considered—including some of the best in the country—seemed good enough. Karen found herself reacting with some irritation. She suggested to the young woman that the problem might not be in the universities but in her own attitude. Immediately the girl got defensive and started to rationalize why it couldn't be her own attitude but had to be something out there in reality. Karen commented that it was so pitifully easy to see through her defense, and that in it she saw a mirror of herself. She commented, "She was so insecure. Who else on that plane could have seen that what she was really saying was 'love me.' But it comes across as a defensive and condescending attitude. I couldn't have been that bad—but I guess the degree of defensiveness must be related to the degree of vulnerability." 有一件事似乎给她留下了深刻的印象，这件事发生在她度假归来的一次飞机旅行中。她在飞机上遇到了一个年轻的女孩，她是一名大学女生，和卡伦对同一个专业领域很感兴趣，也是优等生荣誉学会的成员。他们开始讨论研究生院的问题，那位年轻女士的态度给卡伦留下了深刻的印象。她非常挑剔，实际上是居高临下。她所考虑的学校——包括一些全国最好的学校——似乎都不够好。卡伦发现自己的反应有些恼怒。她向这位年轻女士提出，问题可能不在于大学，而在于她自己的态度。女孩立刻开始自我防卫，并开始解释为什么不能是她自己的态度，而必须是现实中的某种东西。卡伦说，她很容易就看穿了她的防御，她从中看到看到了镜子中的自己!她说:“她太没有安全感了。飞机上还有谁能看出她真正想说的是‘爱我’。但这会给人一种防御性和居高临下的感觉。我不可能那么糟糕——但我猜防御的程度一定与脆弱程度有关。”