Intelligence vs. Femininity 智力与女人味 Closely related to these fears of being castrating and devouring were Karen's attitudes toward herself as an intelligent professional woman. She stoutly maintained that any kind of professional career or intellectual competence in a woman had to stand in opposition to any possibility in gaining satisfaction and fulfillment in life as a woman. Intellectual competence and a career were thus placed in diametric opposition to sexual fulfillment and satisfaction, as well as in opposition to any possibility of marriage and a satisfactory family life. 与这些被阉割和吞噬的恐惧密切相关的是卡伦对自己作为一个聪明的职业女性的态度。她坚决主张，女人的任何职业生涯或智力能力都不得不与作为女人在生活中获得满足的任何可能性对立。因此，智力和事业与性满足，以及任何婚姻和令人满意的家庭生活的可能性，是完全对立的。 These feelings were closely linked to Karen's underlying sentiments regarding her own femininity. She saw her difficulties with men specifically in terms of her academic credentials and her teaching position. Her intelligence was obvious because of her vocabulary and her capacity to think and criticize. But a woman was supposed to be silly, and stupid, and feminine, and she felt that anything else was a threat to men and made them nervous. 这些感觉与卡伦对自己女性特质的潜在情感紧密相连。她看到了她与男人相处的困难，尤其是在她的学历和教学职位方面。她的智慧是显而易见的，因为她的词汇量和她思考和批评的能力。但是女人被认为是笨的，蠢的，有女人味的，她觉得任何其他的东西都是对男人的威胁，会让男人很紧张。 Karen tried stoutly to maintain the position that the issues involved in this matter were not something peculiar to her, but that they were issues that persisted at large in American society. She continually appealed to the feminist argument of exploitation and subjugation, holding out that that explained more than psychoanalysis could. If a woman was bright, she was considered aggressive. But clearly her own need to avoid any form of submission or dependence led her to employ her intelligence in an aggressive manner. She commented, "I want to avoid being thought of as a dumb-dumb. I am sufficiently attractive that men have sex on their mind—a dumb broad good for a lay. That raises my hackles. My cousin was a dumb broad, and they always played her off against me and set us at each other's throats, I wanted to be liked for myself, but that's risky." Further, if she were to admit there might be something defensive or aggressive about her use of her intelligence, that would let men off the hook. It would give them an excuse for being threatened, for being chauvinist. 卡伦坚定地坚持自己的立场，认为这件事所涉及的问题并不是她所特有的，而是美国社会普遍存在的问题。她不断地求助于女权主义者关于剥削和征服的论点，认为这比精神分析学能解释的更多。如果一个女人很聪明，她会被认为是有攻击性的。但很明显，她自己需要避免任何形式的服从或依赖，这导致她以一种咄咄逼人的方式运用自己的智慧。她说:“我不想被认为是一个笨蛋。我有足够的吸引力，男人会在他们的脑海中发生性行为——一个好搞的傻妞。这激怒了我。我表姐是个傻妞，他们总是挑拨她和我的关系，挑拨我们之间的关系。我自己也想被人喜欢，但那是有风险的。” 此外，如果她承认自己在运用自己的聪明才智方面可能存在某种防御性或进攻性的因素，那就会让男性摆脱困境。这会给他们一个受到威胁的借口，给他们一个沙文主义的借口。 Any suggestion that such extreme positions or defensive arguments might not bear the full weight of the truth created a staunch and immediate resistance in her. 一旦你表示这种极端立场或防御性观点可能不能完全说明事实真相，都立即会在她心中引起坚定的抵抗。 The whole issue of being a professional woman and having an academic career was one that persisted throughout the whole of the analysis, and in fact, you will remember, was raised in the very first hour. Her defense was the externalizing defense of attributing to society and culture all of the responsibility for the difficulty she encountered. When I questioned her, she would become extremely defensive and argumentative. She insisted that being a career woman was a liability and that it imposed limits on her. She protested, "If you want to talk about using intelligence threateningly, OK, but don't try to deny reality." 职业女性和学术生涯的问题贯穿于整个分析过程，事实上，你们会记得，在第一个小时就被提了出来。她的防御是外部化防御，即将她所遇到的困难全部归咎于社会和文化。当我问她的时候，她会变得非常防御性和好争辩。她坚持认为，成为职业女性是一种负担，这对她施加了限制。她抗议道:“如果你想谈论威胁性使用智力，好吧，但不要试图否认现实。” It was difficult to weave a path which would acknowledge the reality of the complaint she made, namely, that there were chauvinistic attitudes and culturally embedded expectations with which she had to deal, and keeping open the exploration of her own attitudes and feelings and the ways in which her own need to defend herself exploited such cultural and social elements. It was only gradually, and really only toward the end of the analysis, that she was able to bring some of this into a more balanced perspective, recognizing that part of her wanted to blame chauvinistic attitudes for the difficulties she encountered, but that her own insecurities played a considerable role in embellishing and magnifying the difficulties. 很难找到一条路径，既能承认她抱怨中的现实因素，也就是的确存在她不得不对应的沙文主义态度和植根于文化的期望，但同时也能敞开地探讨她的态度和感情，以及她利用这种文化和社会因素服务于自己防御需求的方式。只是渐渐的,到了分析的快结束的后期，她才能够将在一个更加平衡的角度看待这些事情，认识到她的一部分想要为她所遇到的困难责怪沙文主义态度，而她自己的不安全感在夸大、放大困难中发挥了相当大的作用。 The extent of the anger that was generated by these issues was reflected one day on her having walked past a construction site. She was wearing a miniskirt, and as she passed the construction site the workers began making comments to her and whistling at her. She was furious. She said, "They're just a bunch of animals. I don't see that as an analytic problem. It's real! The cure isn't analysis, it's genocide. And it's not my fantasy! I just don't understand what you mean by fantasy. I see it out there. It's the totalitarian prototype, subjugation, making lampshades out of people. Men have a right to use women as sexual objects." 有一天，当她走过一个建筑工地时，这些问题所引发的愤怒程度得到了反映。她穿着一条迷你裙，当她经过建筑工地时，工人们开始对她说三道四，并对她吹口哨。她非常愤怒。她说:“他们只是一群动物。我不认为这是一个分析问题。它是真实的!治疗的方法不是分析，而是种族灭绝。这不是我的幻想!我只是不明白你说的幻想是什么意思。我看到了。这是极权主义的原型，征服，把人变成灯罩。男性有权将女性作为性对象。” I commented that she seemed to want to keep thinking about this problem in an either-or framework so that any analysis of it was precluded. I drew an analogy to the problem of black prejudice, namely, that there was indeed a social phenomenon of racial prejudice, but that one of the major difficulties in trying to deal with it was the fact that so many blacks tended to accept the prejudice and to see themselves as inferior. It was easy for them to see the external racial prejudice directed against them, but very hard indeed for them to recognize and accept and to do anything about their own inner prejudice. She saw the point, but found it very difficult to recognize and accept her own prejudice. She insisted on seeing her intelligence as threatening and refused to recognize that not all men would be threatened by an intelligent woman, and that there might be any possibility that her use of intelligence might itself be aggressive. She insisted that our culture accepted men as ambitious, but that it insisted on seeing women as aggressive. 我评论说，她似乎想在一个非此即彼的框架下继续思考这个问题，这样就排除了对它的任何分析。我用黑人歧视问题做类比,也就是说,这确实是一种种族偏见的社会现象,但解决这个问题的主要困难在于许多黑人倾向于接受偏见并认为自己低人一等。他们很容易看到针对他们的外部种族偏见，但是对于他们自己的内部偏见，他们确实很难认识到并接受，更别说采取行动了。她明白这一点，但发现很难承认和接受自己的偏见。她坚持认为自己的智慧具有威胁性，并拒绝承认并非所有的男人都会受到聪明女性的威胁，以及她对智慧的使用本身可能具有攻击性。她坚持认为我们的文化接受男人有抱负，但把女人视为有攻击性。