Paranoid Manifestations 偏执表现 Against this sense of weakness and depressive emptiness, Karen erected a variety of defenses, some of which we have already considered. The most important constellation of defenses, however, clustered around a rather paranoid attitude which involved considerable externalization, projection, feelings of persecution, and displacement of blame. She saw herself in many contexts of life as disadvantaged, as cheated and deprived, as victimized by those around her. There was always something wrong with the people or institutions or social phenomena which constituted her environment. She saw these forces as working to undermine or deprive her, to take away from her what she felt was rightfully hers and what she had a right to expect from people and institutions. 面对这种软弱和压抑的空虚感，卡伦建立了各种各样的防御，其中一些我们已经考虑过了。然而，最重要的防御群集中在一种相当偏执的态度周围，这种态度包括相当大的外化、投射、被迫害感和推卸责任。她认为自己在生活的许多方面都处于不利地位，被欺骗，被剥夺，被周围的人所伤害。构成她生活环境的人、制度或社会现象总是有问题的。她认为这些力量正在削弱或剥夺她，夺走她认为属于自己的东西，夺走她有权从人们和机构那里得到的东西。 It was in the analysis that her paranoid feelings were mobilized with their greatest intensity. The analysis threatened her considerably and she felt extremely vulnerable to my interpretations. She saw me as a judge and felt that there was no possibility that I might think well of her and be motivated only to help her. The intensity of her defensiveness was often paroxysmal. She was panicked, frightened, as though she were literally with her back to the wall fighting for her life. She saw me as some kind of malicious and destructive monster who was bent only on reducing her to submission and destroying her. She felt persecuted and attacked. 正是在分析中，她的偏执情绪被最强烈地调动起来。这种分析对她构成了极大的威胁，她觉得自己极易受到我的解释的影响。她把我看作一个法官，觉得我不可能对她有好感，也不可能只有帮助她的动机。她防卫的强度常常是突发性的。她惊慌失措，惊恐万分，好像真的是在背对着墙为自己的生命而战。她把我看作是某种恶毒的、破坏性的怪物，一心只想把她降服，毁灭她。她感到受到迫害和攻击。 When I attempted to explore these feeling with her she stoutly insisted that the analysis could be no other way than as she saw it. She saw all relationships in terms of "shitters and shittees," those who took the crap and those who gave it out—the victims and the victimizers. What was surprising in the organization of these defenses was their intenseness and the degree of distortion that they could introduce into the analytic relationship. It was also abundantly clear in these frequently repeated contexts that what motivated these paranoid defenses was an intense fear and a sense of inner weakness and vulnerability that threatened her severely and made it necessary for her to erect such staunch defenses and resistance. It was only when the roots of this sense of vulnerability had been thoroughly analyzed that her "furies," as she called them, began to fade and disappear. 当我试图和她探讨这些感受时，她坚决地坚持，分析只能是她看到的那样。她把所有的关系都看成是“拉屎的人和被拉屎的人”，那些接受屎的人和拉屎的人——受害者和迫害者。在这些防御的组织中，令人惊讶的是它们介入分析关系的强度和扭曲程度。在这些反复出现的情况下，也非常清楚地表明，促使这些偏执的防御的原因是一种强烈的恐惧和内心的软弱和脆弱，这对她构成了严重的威胁，使她有必要建立这种坚定的防御和抵抗。直到彻底分析了这种脆弱感的根源，她所谓的“愤怒”才开始消退。