Symbiotic Ties 共生联结 The process was complicated, however, by Ann's symbiotic ties to her mother. Despite the hostile and destructive aspects of this involvement, Ann could not draw away from it. Her primitive dependence and symbiotic need for involvement with her mother made separation from the mother—with its primitive fear of abandonment and annihilation—too threatening. Ann was left in the position, therefore, that any move in the direction of greater independence or autonomy on her part would have disastrous consequences—on one level for herself, but at another level for her mother. The symbiotic need lies in both directions—if Ann needed her mother, the mother also needed Ann. We have suggested that the symbiotic relatedness and the projection of the intolerable introject served an important function—that of preserving the fragile integration of the parent and of protecting the latter from insanity. The symbiotic union is a form of collusion in which the parental projection and the child's introjection are both put in the service of this objective. At an unconscious level, Ann's psychosis represented her need to protect the symbiotic mother from the threat of insanity. Breaking away from the symbiotic and dependent involvementwould therefore come to represent the destruction—by death or insanity—of the mother. Ann was trapped—cut off by disastrous psychic consequences from any attempt at autonomy. 然而，由于安娜和母亲的共生关系，这个过程很复杂。尽管这种介入有敌意和破坏性的一面，安娜还是无法摆脱它。她对母亲的原始依赖和共生的需要，使她与母亲的分离——以及对遗弃和毁灭的原始恐惧——变得太危险了。因此，安娜所处的位置是，任何对她来说朝着更独立或更自治的方向发展的举动都将带来灾难性的后果——一方面对她自己，另一方面对她的母亲。共生需求存在于两个方向——如果安娜需要她的母亲，那么母亲也需要安娜。我们认为，共生关系和对不可容忍的内摄物的投射起着重要的作用——保护父母之间脆弱的统一体，保护父母不发疯。共生的结合是一种共谋的形式，父母的投射和孩子的内摄都是为这一目标服务的。在无意识的层面上，安娜的精神病代表了她需要保护共生母亲免受精神错乱的威胁。因此，脱离共生和依赖的关系将代表母亲的毁灭——死亡或疯狂。安娜被任何企图自治的灾难性心理后果所困住了。 The symbiosis is thus proionged, both in terms of the external circumstances of continued dependence and attachment, and also in terms of the internal clinging to the malignant introject. This is reflected in Ann's severe self-condemnatory and self-accusatory attitudes. She thought of herself as worthless, dirty,a whore, etc. These were all attitudes and devaluations which came originally from her mother, but were continued internally through the maternal introject. Thus Ann's capacity for inner growth was impaired both by external impediments and by internalization of a defective and destructive maternal introject. Any possibility of meaningful and constructive identifications was thereby subverted. Her capacity for positive and trusting human relationships was impaired by her experience and internalization of undermining destructiveness. 因此，这种共生关系既在持续依赖和依恋的外部环境中存在，也在对恶性内摄的内在依附中存在。这反映在安娜严厉的自责和自责态度上。她认为自己毫无价值、肮脏、是个妓女等。这些都是来自母亲的态度和贬低，但都是通过母亲内摄而在内心延续的。因此，安娜的内在成长能力受到外部障碍和内化(即有缺陷和破坏性的母亲内摄)的双重损害。因此，任何有意义的建设性认同的可能性都被颠覆了。她积极和信任人际关系的能力被她的经验和削弱的破坏性的内化削弱了。 These developmental effects left her with a sense of internal worthlessness and helplessness which contributed to the predominantly depressive aspects of her pathology that were so evident in much of her clinical picture. The self-depreciation and devaluation was carried on internally much of the time. Often for long periods, she would present the picture of a severely depressed young woman. But the paranoid core persisted, and under conditions of stress would flare out. At these times the depreciation and devaluation and the malignant and destructive intent were situated in out-side agents once again. She became once again the helpless victim of malignant forces which were bent on her destruction. 这些发展的影响让她感到内在的价值和无助，这导致了她的病理主要是抑郁的方面，这在她的临床表现中是如此明显。自我贬低和贬值在很大程度上是内部进行的。通常在很长一段时间里，她都会呈现出一幅患有严重抑郁症的年轻女性的画面。但偏执的核心仍然存在，在压力下会爆发出来。此时，贬低与贬值、恶性与破坏性意图再次处于外因之中。她又一次成了决心要毁灭她的邪恶势力的无可奈何的牺牲品。 As we look back on little Ann's development, we are impressed by the intensity and destructive quality of her relationship with her parents. It was not simply that there was a highly ambivalent and destructive symbiosis with her mother, but also that the relationship with her father had a seductive and infantilizing quality. What was remarkable in both parents was the lack of sensitivity or responsiveness to Ann's inner needs and wants. Studies of early child development have made it clear that the mutual regulation and responsiveness between the mother and child from the earliest levels of their experience together—and particularly the mother's capacity to adapt her mothering activities to the cues which reflect the child's inner need states—are critical in the development of basic aspects of the ego. If we can project Ann's mother's persistent blindness and disregard of her daughter' sinner states and feelings back to that early stratum in her development, the devastating consequences quickly become apparent. 当我们回顾小安娜的成长历程时，我们对她与父母关系的紧张和破坏性印象深刻。这不仅是因为她与母亲之间存在一种高度矛盾和破坏性的共生关系，还因为她与父亲之间的关系具有一种诱惑的、孩子气的特质。值得注意的是，父母双方都缺乏对安娜内心需求的敏感度或反应能力。儿童早期发育的研究清楚地表明,母亲和孩子之间来自最早经验的相互调节和响应性水平——尤其是母亲将其母性活动调整到反映儿童内心需要的线索的能力——对于自我的基本方面的发展是至关重要的。如果我们能把安娜的母亲对女儿的犯罪状态和情感的持续视而不见和漠视投射回她[指安娜的母亲]成长的早期阶段，那么毁灭性的后果很快就会显现出来。