Family Triangle 家庭三角 I wish to call attention to the pattern of involvement in Bob's relations with his parents and in the family system. What emerges clearly out of the clinical data is the impression that there was a clear triangular relationship established within the family among the three leading characters of our story. The drama of Bob's pathogenic relationships plays itself out with his father and mother, and the two sisters seem to drop out of the picture, or at least seem to be involved in it only incidentally. Father, mother, and son function as a more or less undifferentiated unity, to which the other siblings are attached as minor appendages. The emotional relationships which we have been trying to focus on seem to embrace the participants in the triangle in an encompassing fashion that transcends the inner vicissitudes of each. There seems to take place a peculiar communication of feelings and affective states between Bob and his parents, so that Bob's inner feeling states seem somehow to blend into and participate in the feeling states of his parents. The feelings of both mother and father are responded to, sensed, shared in, and internally reflected in ways that make the discrimination of what feelings belong where and to whom rather difficult. Bob's inner feeling states did not seem to be his own, but rather they seemed to reflect the currents of emotion that flowed from each of his parents. The conflict that arose between them seemed to raise inner conflicting waves within Bob himself. 我想提请大家注意鲍勃与他父母的关系以及家庭系统 的参与模式。从临床数据中清楚地看到的是，我们故事中的三个主角之间在家庭中建立了一种明显的三角关系。鲍勃的致病关系是与他的父亲和母亲上演的，两姐妹似乎被排除在外，或者至少似乎只是偶然地被卷入其中。父亲、母亲和儿子是一个几乎没有分化的统一体，其他兄弟姐妹则是依附在这个统一体上的次要附属物。我们一直试图关注的情感关系似乎以一种包容的方式拥抱了三角形中的参与者，超越了每个人的内心变迁。鲍勃和他的父母之间似乎发生了一种特殊的情感和情感状态的交流，因此鲍勃的内心感觉状态似乎以某种方式融入并参与了他父母的情感状态。母亲和父亲的情感都是通过某种方式得到回应、感知、分享和内在反映的，这种方式使得区分哪个情感属于哪里、属于谁变得相当困难。鲍勃的内心感受似乎并不是他自己的，而是反映了从他父母那里流出来的情绪流。他们之间的冲突似乎在鲍勃自己的内心激起了冲突的波浪。 The triangle of mother, father, and Bob formed an emotional unit within the family structure. The emotional division and conflict between the parents were obvious and long-standing. The pattern was one that Bowen (1960) has called the "emotional divorce." The conflict between the parents focuses on Bob—rather than on his sisters. Thus Bob becomes involved in an emotional process that melds him into the emotional conflicts of his parents in special ways. The respective pathologies of his parents get projected onto him, with the result that both parents relate to him and respond to him in terms of the repressed and denied aspects of their own malfunctioning personalities. Bob became the weak and fearful child that embodies the inner uncertainty and vulnerability that father denies and fears in himself. Bob also becomes the embodiment of the inner anxiety and inadequacy of his mother. The result is his rejection by his father and his infantilization by his mother. Her inner anxiety becomes quickly communicated and reflected in Bob, who served as a physically separate yet emotionally fused part of herself. Her overly protective and sympathetic efforts are directed to dealing with the anxiety that she has externalized in her child—with the result that Bob becomes increasingly the infantilized and dependent child. He thus becomes more in need of her protective mothering and becomes likewise increasingly the object of his father's scorn and rejection. Thus Bob becomes the victim of parental pathologies. And both parents deal with their pathologies by projecting them on Bob—with devastating results. 母亲、父亲和鲍勃的三角关系在家庭结构中形成了一个情感单元。父母之间的情感分裂和冲突是明显和长期的。这种模式被Bowen(1960)称为“情感离婚”。父母之间的冲突集中在鲍勃身上，而不是他的姐妹。因此，鲍勃以一种特殊的方式融入到他父母的情感冲突的情感过程中。他父母各自的病态被投射到他身上，结果是，父母双方都以他们自己的人格缺陷中被压抑和否定的方面来联系他，回应他。鲍勃变成了一个虚弱而恐惧的孩子，体现了父亲否认和害怕自己内心的不确定性和脆弱。鲍勃也成为了他母亲内心焦虑和不胜任的化身。结果是他遭到了父亲的拒绝，母亲把他当成了婴儿。她内心的焦虑很快就在鲍勃身上得到了传达和反映，他是她身体上分离的，但情感上融合的一部分。她过度的保护性的和同情的努力是为了处理她外化在孩子身上的焦虑——结果是鲍勃变得越来越幼稚和依赖。因此，他变得更加需要母亲的保护，同时也越来越成为他父亲鄙视和拒绝的对象。因此，鲍勃成了父母病态的受害者。父母双方都把自己的病态投射到鲍勃身上——结果是毁灭性的。 In terms of our preceding analysis, the selection of the child to be involved in this projective process is highly specific and determined by a number of factors. It presumably operates differently in different families, depending on the respective contributing pathologies of the parents and circumstances of family structure and function at certain critical periods. The combination of factors that included both Bob being the only male child the family had, and the fact of his congenital defect, seemed to provide a sufficient stimulus to elicit the respective parental expectations and projections. He was the weak child who needed special care and protection—as well as the only son upon whom special expectations and demands were to be placed. Both these factors elicited particular responses and projections from both parents which derived from and reflected their individual needs. Thus Bob became involved in the family emotional system and became the participating victim of its pathogenic influence. 根据我们前面的分析，选择孩子参与这个投射过程是高度具体的，由许多因素决定。它可能在不同的家庭中起着不同的作用，这取决于父母各自的致病因素以及在某些关键时期家庭结构和功能的环境。鲍勃是家里唯一的男孩，他有先天性缺陷，这些因素的结合似乎提供了足够的刺激，引发了父母各自的期望和投射。他是一个虚弱的孩子，需要特别的照顾和保护，也是唯一的儿子，需要特别的期望和要求。这两个因素引起了父母双方的特殊反应和投射，这些反应和投射源自并反映了他们的个人需求。因此，鲍勃被卷入到家庭情感系统中，并成为其致病影响的参与受害者。 We have seen that his process set up the emotional conditions which acted to undermine the positive growth potential of Bob's ego. Bob's father remained almost completely unavailable to him as an object for real identification. His internalization of the father remained at the level of defensively colored introjection. Whatever identification he was able to achieve was fragile and highly contaminated with ambivalence. The only suggestion of identification was with the devalued and vulnerable figure of the mother, but this was so highly mitigated by symbiotic attachments and the ambivalent residues of her punitive possessiveness and infantilizing intrusiveness that one can speak of identification in only a shadowy and far from authentic sense. Bob's functioning personality—despite the fact that he was able to function in apparently healthier fashion well into his adult life—was a tissue of fragile introjects. The potentiality for regression was high, and when his obsessional and counterphobic defenses failed him in the face of critical disappointments and fundamental life decisions, the collapse and a severe regression to narcissistic state was the outcome. 我们已经看到，他的这一过程建立了情绪条件，这削弱了鲍勃的自我的积极成长潜力。鲍勃的父亲几乎一直无法成为他真正认同的客体。他对父亲的内化仍停留在具有防御色彩的内摄水平上。他所能获得的任何认同都是脆弱的，而且被矛盾情绪严重污染了。唯一认同的迹象是母亲的被贬低和脆弱的形象，但这种认同被共生的依恋和她惩罚性的占有欲和孩子气的侵犯性的矛盾残余极大地削弱了，因此他只能在一种模糊的、远离真实的意义上谈论认同。鲍勃的人格功能——尽管他在成年后能够明显地以更健康的方式运行——是一个脆弱的组织。退行的可能性很高，一旦他强迫性的和反恐惧性的防御在面对关键的失望和基本的生活决定时 失败了，崩溃和严重退行到自恋状态 就是结果。