Impairment of Self-esteem 自尊的受损 The effect on Bob's emerging sense of self and on his capacity for developing a positive sense of self-esteem were catastrophic. The developing sense of self formed around these weak and impaired introjects, with the result that his inner sense of self-esteem was severely compromised. The roots of depression were laid down within the context of the family projection system and the internalization processes which contributed to this impaired sense of self. The paranoid elements then served as a defense against the inner sense of devalued self and against the pangs of depression. Bob's life-style was generated around the struggle to deny these pathogenic introjects and their associated perception of himself. His attitude was generally in its inner core a paranoid attitude toward the world and toward the other people in his environment. The inner paranoia served as an alternative defense along with his intense hyperactivity and counterphobic and counterdependent striving. This had a definite manic flavor, with a strong element of denial. 这对鲍勃逐渐形成的自体意识和培养积极自尊的能力造成了灾难性的影响。自体意识的发展是围绕着这些脆弱和受损的内摄物形成的，其结果是他内心的自尊感严重受损。抑郁症的根源是在家庭投射系统和内化过程的背景下奠定的，内化过程导致了自体意识的受损。偏执元素是对贬低的内部自体意识和对抑郁痛苦的防御。鲍勃的生活方式是围绕着否认这些致病的内摄物以及他们对自己的相关看法而产生的。他的态度本质上是对这个世界，对周围的人的一种偏执态度。内在的偏执症与他强烈的过度活跃、反恐惧和反依赖的努力一起充当了另一种防御手段。这有一种明显的躁狂味道，带有强烈的否认元素。 From earliest childhood Bob's paranoid defense took shape. He saw himself as different from other children. He felt himself to be special and somehow superior to his playmates and schoolmates. He felt himself to be an "outsider," a "loner"—like his father. His latency and adolescent years were colored with highly narcissistic and omnipotent dreams of great accomplishments—of becoming a great man. His dreams of glory were cast in terms of fearless and courageous deeds, he would become a fearless hero—and later on the dreams took the form of ambitions to become a great scientist, a great doctor, and finally a great oral surgeon, a teacher, and a great researcher. These fantasies always had the implications of competitive striving, of winning out over others, of making others subservient, of gaining power and influence, of gaining the upper hand. These lifelong dreams of glory reached their apogee and most extreme expression in the acute and grandiosely omnipotent delusional ideas. 从孩提时代起，鲍勃的偏执防御就形成了。他认为自己与其他孩子不同。他觉得自己很特别，并且在某种程度上比他的玩伴和同学优越。他觉得自己是一个“局外人”，一个“孤独者”——就像他的父亲一样。他的潜伏期和青春期充满了高度自恋的和全能的伟大成就梦想——成为一个伟人。他的荣耀梦想是用无所畏惧和勇敢的行为来塑造的，他将成为一个无所畏惧的英雄——后来，梦想变成了成为伟大的科学家、伟大的医生，最后变成了成为伟大的口腔外科医生、教师、伟大的研究人员。这些幻想总是暗示着竞争、战胜他人、使他人屈从、获得权力和影响力、占据上风。这些毕生的荣耀梦想在急性的夸大的全能妄想中达到了最高点和最极端的表现。 There is an element of inner superiority in all this, of contempt for all other human beings, and an inner drive to test the limits of what can be dared or challenged. He became a small-scale edition of Dostoevsky's self-willed man, a Raskolnikov, a hero who dared to reach beyond the limits of what was right and acceptable. He denied and rejected Jewish religious belief and morality. He dared and defied the Jewish God and the threat of His punishments. The drama he was acting out through most of his life was transparent. He was denying the maternal introject—as he struggled for and against the paternal introject. The struggle, as we have seen, was not authentic. The self-willed hero was a put-on, a false self which masked the compliance which doomed him even as it gave him the only sense of reality and power he could attain. It was a part of the massive denial which permeated his conscious life and functioning. 在这一切中都有一种内在的优越感，一种对所有其他人的蔑视，一种内在的驱动力来测试可以尝试或挑战的极限。他变成了陀思妥耶夫斯基[俄国作家]笔下任性人物拉斯科尔尼科夫的缩小版，一个敢于超越正确和可接受的界限的英雄。他否认并拒绝犹太人的宗教信仰和道德。他敢于挑战犹太上帝和他的惩罚威胁。他一生中大部分时间都在表演的戏剧是透明的。他在否认母亲内摄——因为他为父亲内摄而斗争和反对。正如我们所见，这场斗争并不真实。任性的英雄是一个装腔作势的虚假自体，它掩盖了他注定的顺从，即使它给了他唯一的现实感和他能获得的力量。这是渗透到他有意识的生活和功能的大规模否认的一部分。