Family Interaction There are some striking features to the organization and functioning of Clare's family. The postures adopted by her parents leap to mind. Her father was harsh, critical, sadistic, punitive, vicious, demanding, perfectionistic, and brutal. Her mother was quiet, withdrawn, brooding, depressed, submissive and weak. The pattern fits that of a skewed family as described by Lidz(et al.,1965), in which one partner is dominating in the relationship and the other is dominated and submissive. In reference to this skewed pattern of family pathology, the relationship is described in these terms: 克莱尔家庭的组织和运作有一些显著的特点。她父母所采用的姿态跃入脑海。她的父亲严厉、吹毛求疵、虐待狂、惩罚性、恶毒、苛求、完美主义和残忍。她的母亲安静、孤僻、忧郁、沮丧、顺从、软弱。这种模式与Lidz(et al.，1965)所描述的扭曲家庭的模式相吻合，在这种家庭中，一方在关系中占主导地位，另一方则处于支配和顺从的地位。关于这种家庭病理的扭曲模式，这种关系是这样描述的: In all, the rather serious psychopathology of one marital partner dominated the home. In some, the dissatisfaction and unhappiness of one spouse is apparent to the other and the children, but husband and wife manage to complement or support each other sufficiently to permit a degree of harmony..…In all of these families, one partner who was extremely dependent or masochistic had married a spouse who had appeared to be a strong and protecting parental figure. The dependent partner would go along with or even support the weaknesses or psychopathological distortions of the parental partner because dependency or masochistic needs were met....A striking feature in all cases was the psychopathology of the partner who appeared to be dominant, creating an abnormal environment which, being accepted by the "healthier" spouse, may have seemed to be a normal environment to the children. Considerable "masking" of potential sources of conflict occurred, creating an unreal atmosphere in which what was said and admitted differed from what was actually felt and done(Lidz et al.,1965, pp.142-143). 总而言之，一个婚姻伴侣相当严重的精神疾病控制了家庭。在某些情况下，一方的不满和不开心对另一方和孩子来说是显而易见的，但夫妻俩设法相互补充或支持，以达到一定程度的和谐。在所有这些家庭中，一个极度依赖他人或受虐狂的伴侣娶了一个似乎是坚强而有保护作用的父母。依赖的一方会赞同甚至支持另一方的弱点或精神病理扭曲，因为依赖或受虐需求得到了满足……在所有的案例中，一个显著的特征是占主导地位的伴侣的精神病理学，这创造了一个异常的环境，被“相对健康”的配偶所接受，可能对孩子来说看起来是一个正常的环境。对潜在冲突来源进行了大量的“掩盖”，造成了一种不真实的气氛，在这种气氛中，所说和所承认的与实际感受和所做的有所不同(Lidz et al.，1965, pp.142-143)。 In Clare's parents the psychopathology was generously distributed. The father's dominating and sadistic personality was complemented and responded to by the mother's depressive and masochistic submissiveness. It is important to note that this patterning of parental interactions creates an atmosphere of human relationships in which there is both a victim and a victimizer. In so far as the parents provide the meaningful models for the working through of human relationships, the basic pattern of victimization comes to permeate, and to add its peculiar quality to, all forms of relationship. Victimization becomes a basic premise in all forms of interaction.Particularly it becomes the basic premise for all forms of meaningful interaction between the sexes. 克莱尔的父母的精神病理分布得很广。父亲的专横和施虐人格得到了母亲的压抑和受虐服从的补充和回应。值得注意的是，这种父母互动的模式创造了一种人际关系氛围，其中既有受害者，也有迫害者。只要父母为处理人际关系提供有意义的模型，受害的基本模式就会渗透到所有形式的关系中，并使其具有独特的性质。受害成为所有形式互动的基本前提。特别是它成为两性之间所有形式的有意义的互动的基本前提。 The emotional split between Clare's mother and father was profound—any real communication between them was short-circuited. There was a resulting gap in feedback processes and a consequent impairment of the relative reality testing on the part of both. Each of Clare's parents was operating in a sort of emotional vacuum in which each was responding more to his own emotional needs and fantasies than to the real qualities of the other. The mother's masochistic need to be victimized made it important for her to be able to see her husband as victimizing, and to have him actually victimize her. The father's need to be a victimizer made it important for him to see his wife as victimized, and to have her actually play out the role of being victimized. Each plays out the unexpressed expectations of the other, expectations that are generated on both sides by inner subjective needs. 克莱尔的父母之间感情上的裂痕是很深的——他们之间的任何真正的交流都被短路了。在反馈过程中产生了差距，从而影响了双方的相对现实检验能力。克莱尔的父母都处于一种情感真空中，在这种真空中，他们对自己的情感需求和幻想做出的反应，要多于对对方真实品质的反应。母亲成为受害者的受虐需要使得她把丈夫看作迫害者，并让他真实地加害自己。父亲成为迫害者的需要，使得他把妻子看作受害者，并使其真实地扮演受害者。每个人都发挥了对方未表达的期望，这些期望是由双方的内在主观需要产生的。 The result is that a sort of emotional system is set up by the complementary and mutually reinforcing needs of the parents. The emotional interaction which constitutes the system, however, is set up on a relatively unconscious level and is elaborated out of the primarily repressed and unexpressed emotional needs and responsiveness of the parents. The parental pathologies thus intermingle and interact in such a way as to bring their combined pathogenic influence to bear on the children. The pathogenic impact is reinforced by the respective parental pathologies—by both the mother's masochistic submissiveness and the father's sadistic domination. 其结果是，一种建立在父母互补和相互加强的需要上的情感系统。然而，构成这个系统的情感互动是建立在一个相对无意识的层面上的，主要是由父母压抑和未表达的情感需求和反应来构建的。因此，父母的病理相互交织，相互影响，从而使孩子承受他们联合的致病影响。父母各自的病理——母亲的受虐服从和父亲的虐待统治——都强化了致病的影响。 The interesting feature of this family interaction is that the pathogenic influence strikes at the female children more so than at the male children. A similar pattern has been identified in families with schizophrenic daughters, where the skewed pattern of family interaction was reflected in the father's constant undercutting and derogatory treatment of the mother. These mothers provided rather poor models of the feminine role both because of their own masochistic and depressive characters, and because of the constant contemptuous devaluation that came from the fathers. There seems little doubt that Clare's mother provided her with a poor model for identification and that this deficiency was complicated by her father's constantly demeaning and devaluing attack, not only on her mother, but also on herself. 这种家庭互动的有趣特征是，致病性影响对女性儿童的影响大于对男性儿童的影响。在女儿患有精神分裂症的家庭中也发现了类似的模式，这种家庭互动的扭曲模式反映在父亲对母亲不断的贬低和贬损。这些母亲提供了相当糟糕的女性角色的模型，因为她们自己的受虐和抑郁的性格，也因为来自父亲的不断蔑视贬值。毫无疑问，克莱尔的母亲给她树立了一个不好的认同榜样，而她父亲的不断贬损、贬低(不仅攻击她的母亲，而且攻击她)，使这种缺陷变得更加复杂。