Ambivalence 矛盾心理 On both sides of her Oedipal relationships, therefore, the ambivalence was intense. On both sides as well, her loving feelings were frustrated and were cast in a threatening mold. They were strongly contaminated as well by her anger and destructive wishes toward both parents. We have seen this as a predominant aspect of the parental involvements of all of our paranoid patients. The intensity of the ambivalence—derived from preoedipal levels—interferes in fundamental ways with the normal development of Oedipal involvements and consequently impairs the normal resolution of Oedipal relationships. The emerging pattern of identification is thus distorted and the developmental process resorts to more primitive and more highly defensive internalizing operations, particularly introjection, as we shall see. I would like to observe at this point, however, that the intensity of the ambivalence and the patterning of introjections reflects the interaction of parental pathologies which is reflected in, produced in part, and prolonged and intensified by, the pattern of familial interaction that obtains between them. The child who is affected is the child who becomes involved in the emotional interaction and conflict between the parents. Usually one child is more severely involved than any other—in this family Clare was most deeply involved, more so than her sister Jenny. The result is that the affected child becomes more intensely the victim of the combined parental pathologies and their interaction. 因此，在她的俄狄浦斯关系的两方中，矛盾都很强烈。在双方都存在的是，她的爱的感觉都受挫了，因此被一个威胁性的模具塑形了。它们也被她对父母的愤怒和破坏性的愿望深深污染了。我们认为这是我们所有偏执患者与父母关系的主要方面。矛盾的强度——源自于前俄狄浦斯阶段——从根本上干扰了正常的俄狄浦斯关系的发展，从而影响了正常的俄狄浦斯关系的解决。因此，正在出现的认同模式被扭曲了，发展进程求助于更原始和更高度防御性的内化操作，特别是内摄，我们将看到这一点。然而，在这一点上，我想观察的是，矛盾心理的强度和内摄模式反映了父母病理学的相互作用，这种相互作用反映、部分地产生、延长和加强于他们之间获得的家庭相互作用的模式。受影响的儿童是卷入父母之间情感互动和冲突的儿童。通常有一个孩子比其他孩子更投入——在这个家庭中，克莱尔比她妹妹珍妮卷入得更深。其结果是，受影响的儿童更强烈地成为结合的父母病态及其相互作用的受害者。 There were important saving elements in this complex of influences however. The most important of these—that one that stands out so starkly in her history—was Clare's relationship with her grandmother. This is the one relationship in Clare's early history that was affectionate and loving, that was not complicated by intense ambivalence, and that gave Clare the loving acceptance that she needed so desperately. It was on this ground that the girl was able in some degree to work out the vicissitudes of a meaningful therapeutic alliance derived from and built on the basic experience of a positive relationship that she had gotten from her grandmother. That relationship was a saving element in Clare's experience. It gave her some degree of protection from the pathological effects of her involvement with her parents, and it also provided the basis on which important and fundamental aspects of ego development were realized. The sustaining aspects of that relationship were given witness by the difficulties Clare began to experience after her grandmother's death. It was only as she was able to adequately mourn that loss that she was able to begin to mobilize some of the resources that she gained through that relationship. 然而，在这种复杂的影响中也有重要的拯救因素。其中最重要的是克莱尔和她外婆的关系，这在她的历史上是如此显眼。这是克莱尔早期历史上一段充满深情和爱的关系，没有被强烈的矛盾所复杂化，这给了克莱尔她迫切需要的爱的接纳。正是在这个基础上，这个女孩在某种程度上能够经受并完成一个有意义的治疗联盟的变迁，这个联盟源自并建立在她从外婆那里得到的积极关系的基本经验之上。在克莱尔的经历中，这种关系是一个拯救性因素。这给了她一定程度的保护，使她免受与父母关系的病态影响，也为实现自我发展的重要和基本方面提供了基础。克莱尔在外婆去世后开始经历的困难，见证了这种关系的持续面。只有当她能够痛惜失去的时候，她才能够开始调动她从这段关系中获得的一些资源。