Modification of Narcissism 自恋的修正 The upshot of these inner changes was that Don was able to see himself and the world around him in much more realistic and human terms. He began to see his own inner life more in terms of human feelings and potentialities, rather than in terms of omnipotent distortions or magical expectations. He was increasingly able to accept his own limitations along with his own potentialities. He began to set realistic goals and was able to modify his expectations to increasingly realistic terms. One of the more important aspects of treatment in these patients—one that we shall have occasion to focus on repeatedly in these cases—is the aspect of narcissism. One of the fundamental props of Don's therapeutic improvement was his being able to surrender his inner expectations—infantile and excessive as they were—and to be able to increasingly accept the reality of his own human person with its abilities and disabilities, strengths and weaknesses, hopes and disappointments. The point that can be made in reference to this case, however, is that the patient's ability to make the essential surrender of narcissism depends in vital ways on the working through of the introjective distortions, and a dissolution of the introjects themselves. In part the introjects serve as the defensive structuralizations in the inner psychic organization by which infantile narcissism is pathologically preserved and prolonged. We shall see more of this aspect of paranoid structure later. 这些内在变化的结果是，唐能够以更现实、更人性化的方式看待自己和周围的世界。他开始更多地以人类的情感和潜能来看待自己的内心生活，而不是以全能扭曲或神奇的期望来看待自己的内心生活。他越来越能接受自己的局限性和潜能。他开始设定现实的目标，并能够将自己的期望调整到越来越现实的条件。治疗这些患者的一个更重要的方面——我们将有机会在这些案例中反复关注的方面——是自恋的方面。唐的治疗改善的一个基本支柱是他能够放弃自己内心的期望——幼稚和过分的期望——能够越来越多地接受自己作为一个人的现实，包括能力和缺陷、长处和弱点、希望和失望。然而，在这个案例中可以指出的一点是，病人对自恋的必要投降的能力在很大程度上取决于内摄物扭曲的工作，以及内摄物自身的溶解。在某种程度上，这种内摄物在内在精神组织中起到了防御性的结构化作用，通过这种结构，婴儿自恋在病理上得到了保存和延长。我们将在后面看到更多偏执结构的这一方面。