PART III TOWARD A CLINICAL THEORY OF THE PARANOID PROCESS 第三部分 走向偏执过程的临床理论 INTRODUCTION 简介 Our journey to this point has been a long one. We have surveyed a significant area of psychiatric history, and have made our way, somewhat laboriously, through the heavy thickets of the scientific study of paranoia. The many approaches are multiple and complex, and they each in their respective ways, offer us a fragment of a perception, a view of the total problem from one vantage point, a partial and a limited understanding. 我们到此处的旅程是漫长的。我们已经调查了精神病学历史中一个重要的领域，并且在对偏执的科学研究的重重迷雾中，有些吃力地取得了进展。许多方法是多样和复杂的，它们以各自的方式为我们提供了一个感知的片段，从一个有利的角度看整个问题的观点，一个局部的和有限的理解。 We have also tried to look at a number of cases in which the paranoid process could be identified. In studying such case material, we are confronted with obvious differences. There are differences that stem from the uniqueness and individuality of each patient and his life experience. There are also significant differences that issue from the variations in levels of pathology. The material we have presented in the case studies ranges from severely sick, chronic paranoid schizophrenics, to a spectrum of intermediate levels of borderline pathology, to a level of relatively healthy, if neurotic, patients, even those who were appropriate and successful candidates for psychoanalysis. 我们还试图研究了一些案例，在这些案例中偏执过程是可以识别的。在研究此类案例材料时，我们面临着明显的差异。不同之处在于每个病人的独特性和个性以及他们的生活经历。病理学水平的差异也会导致显著的差异。我们在案例研究中提供的材料范围从严重的、慢性的偏执型精神分裂症患者，到中等程度的边缘性病理，到相对健康的，如果是神经质的，患者，甚至是那些适当的、成功的精神分析候选者。 Even though such divergences of personality and diagnosis are impressive, our purpose is nonetheless to discern and define those elements which they share, which somehow influence and direct the paranoid aspects of their inner life and behavior. It is our purpose at this point to turn our attention to this task. The diversity and complexity that we have seen in the study of the literature and in the analysis of individual cases leave us with an impression of multiplicity and diversity which must be brought together and focused to allow us a deeper understanding of the paranoid process, its genesis, its function, and its significant influences. 尽管这种性格和诊断上的差异令人印象深刻，但我们的目的仍然是辨别和定义他们共有的那些要素，这些要素以某种方式影响和指导他们内心生活和行为的偏执方面。我们现在的目的是把我们的注意力转到这项任务上来。我们在文献研究和个案分析中看到的多样性和复杂性留给我们的多重性和多样性的印象，这些多重性和多样性必须被放在一起并聚焦，以让我们更深入地理解偏执过程,它的起源,它的功能,它的重要影响。