Pathological vs. Nonpathological 病理vs.非病理 If it might be claimed that, in the theoretical perspective of the paranoid process, diagnostic concerns fade somewhat into the background; it must also be emphasized that they lend the problem of diagnosis a new scope and a new subtlety. While it may be true that classificatory concerns focusing on issues of psychopathology and the definition of syndromes is less relevant, it is nonetheless extremely important that the signs of the functioning of the paranoid process be identifiable and recognizable. Within a limited perspective of the concern over psychiatric diagnosis, the emphasis must be on the identification of the deviant signs or manifestations of the process which provide the basis for psychiatric judgment and intervention. 如果可以这样说，从偏执过程的理论观点来看，诊断方面的顾虑在某种程度上消失了;那就必须强调，它们为诊断问题提供了一个新的范围和新的微妙之处。虽然专注于精神病理学问题和综合征定义的分类关注可能确实不那么重要，但是非常重要的是偏执过程运作的迹象是可识别的。在对精神病学诊断的关注有限的角度内，重点必须是识别过程中的异常迹象或表现，这个过程为精神病学判断和干预提供基础。 Since considerable discussion has already been given over to the specifically diagnostic considerations (cf. sections on paranoid indications and mechanisms above), an exhaustive restatement of them would not be very useful at this point. However,a major emphasis of this study, which does demand consideration at this point, is that the paranoid process is not limited to definable forms of specifically paranoid pathology, but that it can be found embedded in a wide spectrum of clinical entities, as well as in normal functional states. The point that needs to be emphasized is that, frequently enough, paranoid manifestations are quite subtle and often form a relatively hidden and latent portion of the patient's personality, which may only emerge under special circumstances or after lengthy periods of treatment. We will discuss some of the patterns of interaction between the paranoid process and specific diagnostic entities, but it is apparent in our case studies that the paranoid process can manifest itself in severely distorted forms, but that it can also manifest itself in quite subtle and not often apparent ways in personalities which are fairly well organized and enjoy a high degree of integration and capacity for effective psychological functioning. 由于已经对具体的诊断注意事项进行了相当多的讨论(参见之前关于偏执症状和机制的章节)，因此在这一点上详尽重述这些注意事项将不会很有用。然而，本研究的一个主要重点(在这一点上确实需要考虑)，是偏执过程并不局限于具体的偏执病理的可定义形式，而是存在于广泛的临床实体，以及正常的功能状态中。需要强调的一点是，偏执的表现往往是相当微妙的，往往形成患者性格中相对隐藏和潜伏的部分，只有在特殊情况下或经过长时间的治疗后才会出现。我们将讨论偏执过程和具体诊断实体之间的一些交互模式,但是很明显，在我们的案例研究中,偏执过程可以以严重扭曲的形式展现,但它也可以以人格中非常微妙和并不经常明显的方式展现，这些人格具有高度的整合性以及有效的心理功能的能力。