"Elementary Neurosis" “初级神经症” In any case, it seems reasonable to presume that such phobic states in early childhood are related to the intolerable ambivalence in early object-relationships. There seems to be good reason to understand the mechanisms. of such early animal phobias as involving an interplay of introjection and projection. Thus the image of the feared father is introjected, and once within the inner world becomes the focus for inner destructive and sadistic tendencies. It is this introjective content that is then reprojected as a dangerous and threatening animal. Thus the child can be seen to be employing projective and basically paranoid mechanisms in the service of defense and in the production of a childhood neurotic state. 在任何情况下，似乎有理由推测，儿童早期的这种恐惧状态与早期客体关系中难以忍受的矛盾性有关。似乎有充分的理由将这种早期动物恐惧症的机制理解为涉及内摄和投射的相互作用。因此，被畏惧的父亲的形象被内摄，一旦进入内心世界，就成为内心破坏性和虐待倾向的焦点。正是这种内摄的内容，又被重新投射为一种危险和威胁性的动物。由此可见，儿童采用投射性的、基本上是偏执性的机制，为防御服务，并产生了童年的神经质状态。 We are well advised to remind ourselves of Freud's thoughts about this matter. In discussing the phobia of Little Hans, he commented: 我们最好提醒自己弗洛伊德对这个问题的想法。在讨论小汉斯的恐惧症时，他评论说： When, however, an adult neurotic patient comes to us for psycho-analytic treatment (and let us assume that his illness has only become manifest after he has reached maturity), we find regularly that his neurosis has as its point of departure an infantile anxiety such as we have been discussing, and is in fact a continuation of it; so that, as it were, a continuous and undisturbed thread of psychical activity, taking its start from the conflicts of his childhood, has been spun through his life (1909, p. 143). 然而，当一个成年的神经症患者到我们这里来接受精神分析治疗时（让我们假设他的疾病只是在他成熟之后才表现出来），我们经常发现，他的神经症以我们一直在讨论的那种婴儿时期的焦虑为出发点，而且实际上是它的延续；因此，就像这样，一条连续的、不受干扰的心理活动线，从他童年的冲突开始，一直贯穿他的一生（1909，第143页）。 To this we can add a quotation from the minutes of the Vienna Psycho-analytic Society for November 17, 1909, from the same year in which the study of Little Hans was published. This is quoted by Jones (1955): 对此，我们可以补充引用维也纳精神分析学会1909年11月17日的会议记录，小汉斯的研究报告也是在这一年发表的。这是琼斯（1955）所引用的。 We expect it would turn out that the severe neuroses all have their prototypes in childhood life, so that we should find the kernels of the later neurosis in the disturbances of development in childhood... It is a question whether everybody has not passed through a kind of elementary neurosis in childhood years, and whether the inter-relationship be not still closer than we imagine, so that not only the elements but the very prototype itself originates in childhood. The later neurosis may well be only a magnification of a product, which one can only call a neurosis, of the later or middle years of childhood. In that event we should have a clear view of the source of neurosis and should have to interpolate the "elementary neurosis" as an intermediate stage between the nuclear complex (i.e., the oedipus complex) and the subsequent severe neurosis (pp. 443-444) 我们期望它将被证明，严重的神经症都有其在童年生活中的原型，因此我们应该在童年发展的干扰中找到后来神经症的核心……。这是一个问题，是否每个人在童年时代都没有经历过一种初级神经症，是否相互之间的关系比我们想象的还要密切，所以，不仅是元素，而且原型本身就起源于童年。后来的神经症很可能只是童年后期或中期的产物的放大，只能称之为神经症。在这种情况下，我们应该对神经官能症的来源有一个明确的看法，并且应该要把 "初级神经官能症"穿插在核情结（即恋母情结）和后来的严重神经官能症之间作为一个中间阶段（第443-444页）。