Identification with the Victim 与受害者认同 The resolution is effected by projecting the inner source of aggressive impulses to the outside. This results in a world which unconsciously assumes the aspect of a hostile and threatening place. The process can be self-generating and self-enhancing. Insofar as malevolent intent is ascribed to others, the defenses against such fantasized threats need to be reinforced. Thus violence is increasingly justified and identification with the aggressor intensified (Rochlin, 1973). Quite obviously, in addition to the projection of the undesirable aggressive impulses and intentions, the identification with the victim provides a further internal buffer against the expression of destructive impulses. Thus the narcissistic conflict remains unresolved. The demands of narcissism are confronted by the demands of narcissism. Insofar as we flee from narcissistic mortification to an identification with the threatening aggressor, we must also deny and escape that monstrous identification by retreating to the protection of victimhood and narcissistic vulnerability. 通过将攻击性冲动的内在根源投射到外部来解决。这导致世界不自觉地呈现出敌对和威胁的一面。这个过程可以是自体产生和自体增强的。只要将恶意归咎于他人，就需要加强对这种幻想中的威胁的防御。因此，暴力越来越有理由，对攻击者的认同也越来越强（Rochlin, 1973）。很明显，除了投射出不受欢迎的攻击性冲动和意图之外，对受害者的认同还提供了进一步的内部缓冲，以防止破坏性冲动的表达。因此，自恋的冲突仍然没有解决。自恋的要求面对的是自恋的要求。当我们从自恋的羞辱中逃离到对威胁性攻击者的认同时，我们也必须通过 退缩到对受害者身份和自恋脆弱性的保护中 来否认和逃避这种畸形的认同。