Narisistic Rage 自恋暴怒 The rage which finds its expression in the paranoid dynamics bears the stamp of its narcissistic origins. It frequently bears the stamp of the wish for revenge, for the intent of righting a wrong or undoing a hurt. It tends to be deeply anchored, persistent, and unrelenting in the pursuit of these aims. Moreover, such narcissistic rage knows few limits. The shame-prone individual is prepared to experience any setback as a narcissistic injury and to respond with an insatiable rage. He cannot recognize an opponent as somehow an independent focus of initiative, which happens to be in cross purposes to his own. He does not wish merely to defeat the enemy that blocks his way. He cannot rest until he has blotted out the persecutor or offender who has dared to attack, oppose, disagree, or outdo him. Typically there is an utter disregard for any limitations and an almost unlimited wish to undo an injury and obtain revenge. As Kohut puts it: 在偏执的动力学中表现出来的暴怒，带有自恋的根源。它经常带有复仇的愿望的印记，为了纠正错误或消除伤害的意图。在追求这些目标的过程中，它往往是根深蒂固的、执着的、无情的。而且，这种自恋式的暴怒几乎没有限度。有羞耻感的人准备把任何挫折都当作是一种自恋的伤害，并以贪得无厌的暴怒来回应。他不能认识到对手在某种程度上是一个独立的主动性焦点，而这个主动性焦点恰好与他自己的目的相反。他并不希望仅仅打败阻挡他的敌人。他不把 敢于攻击、反对、不同意或胜过他的迫害者或冒犯者抹杀掉，就不会罢休。通常情况下，他完全不顾任何限制，几乎无限地希望取消伤害，获得报复。正如科胡特所说： The enemy, however, who calls forth the archaic rage of the narcissistically vulnerable is seen by him not as an autonomous source of impulsions, but as a flaw in a narcissistically perceived reality. He is a recalcitrant part of an expanded self over which he expects to exercise full control and whose mere independence or other-ness is an offense (1973, pp. 385-386). 然而，唤起自恋脆弱的古老暴怒的 敌人，被他视为不是冲动的自主来源，而是自恋地感知的现实中的一个缺陷。他是一个扩大了的自体的一个顽固部分，他期望对这个自体进行完全的控制，而这个自体仅仅是 独立的或他者的性质 就是一种冒犯（1973年，第385-386页）。 Narcissistic injury and the resulting narcissistic rage can be experienced at all degrees of intensity. At the upper end of the spectrum narcissistic injury may be reacted to with embarrassment or shame and anger. But at the lower level of the spectrum, where the intensity of the shame and the violence of the narcissistic rage are overwhelming, the individuals so affected find indispensable for the maintenance of self-esteem a sense of absolute control over an archaic environment and of the self. 自恋伤害和由此产生的自恋暴怒可以在各种程度上体验。在光谱的上端，对自恋伤害的反应可能是尴尬或羞愧和愤怒。但在光谱的较低层次上，自恋暴怒的羞耻感和暴力的强度是压倒性的，受影响的个体发现，为了维护自尊，对古老环境和自体的绝对控制感是不可或缺的。