Effects on Child 对孩子的影响 The effects of this complex interaction on the child are variable. If he senses the parent's incompleteness, as well as the latter's inner need and destructiveness, the child may begin to feel guilt for his part in eliciting and precipitating this condition. It was after all his spontaneous promptings toward self-assertion, initiative, and relative independence that set the terms for this outcome. The child may then begin to feel guilt for his bid for independence and may find himself assuming the responsibility for parental well-being. This essentially takes the form of wanting to fill up the incompleteness that the child senses in the parent. The need that thus arises can take a variety of forms including adherence to parental demands and expectations, fulfillment of parental needs of a variety of kinds, feeling responsible for parental happiness, accepting a position of submissive obedience and unquestioning loyalty to parental attitudes and values, all capped and made definitive through the internalization of the parent figure. 这种复杂互动对孩子的影响是可变的。如果他意识到父母的不完善性，以及父母的内在需要和破坏性，孩子可能会开始为自己引发和促成这种情况而感到内疚。毕竟，正是他自发地推动了自我主张、主动性和相对独立性，才为这一结果设定了条件。孩子可能会开始为自己争取独立而感到内疚，可能会发现自己承担起了父母幸福的责任。这主要表现为孩子想要填补父母身上的不完善性。因此产生的需要可以采用多种形式,包括遵守父母的要求和期望,实现父母的各种各样的需求,负责父母的幸福感觉,接受一个顺从和服从，以及对父母的态度和价值观绝对忠诚的位置，所有这些都通过对父母形象的内化来完成和变得确定的。 Moreover, the child's own narcissistic demands urge him to seek the completeness of the parental figures. The introjection of the essential incompleteness of the respective parental figure leaves the child feeling unwhole and internally deprived. As Searles puts it: 此外，孩子自身的自恋需求促使他寻求父母形象的完善性。对各个父母本质上不完善的形象内摄，让孩子感到不完善和内在的被剥夺。正如Searles所说: These parents, the internalized images of whom have formed the foundation of his own sense of identity, are revealed as unwhole, incomplete; the very building-blocks of his own identity are revealed as fragmentary. His need for each of his parents to become whole—a need which springs from undifferentiated "selfish" and "altruistic' motives—now places him under pressure to somehow fill, himself, the incompleteness in their respective identities (1966-67, p. 520). 这些父母(对父母形象的内化构成了孩子自己的身份感)被揭露出是不完整、不完善的;孩子自己身份最基本的建筑模块被揭露出是支离破碎。他需要父母中每个人都成为完整的人——一种来自于未分化的“自私”和“利他”动机的需要——现在使他处于某种压力之下，迫使他以某种方式填补他自己身上那些他父母各自身份的不完善(1966-67，第520页)。 Similarly, the child's needs to idealize the parent facilitate the parent's own identification with the child and also reactivate in the parent the relatively omnipotent fantasies of his own childhood. The parent thus comes to accept the omnipotence attributed to him by the child's fantasies and thus reactivates aspects of the parent's own infantile and rather omnipotent ego-ideal. The parent comes to identify with the omnipotence of his own parents as he might have wished to do in his own childhood fantasies. Thus the narcissistic stimulus and gratification provided by the child allows the parents to build a sense of themselves specifically as good, and perhaps even better than their own parents had been. 同样，孩子对父母理想化的需求促进了父母对孩子的认同，也重新激活了父母自己童年时代的相对全能的幻想。因此，父母接受了孩子的幻想赋予他的全能，从而重新激活了父母自己的婴儿式的、相当无所不能的理想自我。父母开始认同自己父母的全能，就像他在自己的童年幻想中希望做的那样。因此，孩子提供的自恋刺激和满足，让父母建立了一种自我感觉，特别是认为自己是好的，甚至可能比他们自己的父母更好的感觉。 In important ways the child's dependence or relative independence can serve to enhance or to traumatize parental narcissism. Thus clearly the emerging existence of the child as a potential individual, separate and distinct and increasingly independent from the mother, can serve to undermine her sense of identity, whether that identity is sustained defensively by a symbiotic involvement or by other and more differentiated narcissistic investments in the child. In this circumstance of narcissistic jeopardy, the mother may react as though the developing individuality of the child were directed against her own narcissistic (omnipotent), relationship-dependent (symbiotic), identity. The child's individuality may thus become a matter of malevolent intent to destroy the integrity of her sense of self. It hardly seems necessary to point out the paranoid nature of this process. 在很多重要的方面，孩子的依赖或相对独立会强化或伤害父母的自恋。因此，很明显，孩子作为潜在的个体的出现，与母亲分离，截然不同，越来越独立，这可能会破坏母亲的身份感，无论这种身份是通过共生卷入还是通过其他更具分化性的对孩子的自恋投资来防御性地维持的。在这种自恋危机的情况下，母亲可能会做出反应，好像孩子发展的个体化是敌对她自己的自恋（全能），关系依赖（共生）身份一样。孩子的个体化可能因此变成一种以破坏母亲的自体意识的完整性为目的的恶意企图。这一过程的偏执本质显而易见。