Nature of Self 自体的本质 A variety of views have arisen about the nature of the self as so conceived. These vary from a merely representational view, according to which the self is conceived of restrictively in terms of self-representations and functions as a form of cognitive framework in relation to specific ego capacities. Others, however, envision the self as an alternative psychic structural entity in the tripartite theory. One difficulty is that the respective concepts lie at different levels of cognitive derivation and organization. The notion of self lies at a much more specifically phenomenological and experience-based level than do the notions of id, ego, and superego. The latter function more specifically as theoretical constructs which serve to organize certain clinical observations and which express groupings of functions, each of which has a differentiated character and a specifiable role in the psychic economy. 各种各样的关于自体本质的观点都是这样被提出的。这些不同于仅仅是表征的观点，根据这种观点，自体被严格地构想为自体表征，并作为与特定自我能力相关的认知框架的一种形式。然而，另一些人在三分理论中将自体想象为另一种精神结构实体。难点之一是各自的概念存在于不同层次的认知推导和组织中。自体的概念比本我、自我和超我的概念更具体地处于现象学和经验层面。后一种功能更具体地说，是一种理论结构，用于组织某些临床观察，并表示功能的分组，每一组功能都有不同的特征，在精神经济中起着可指定的作用。 Without entering exhaustively into the murky metapsychological waters at this point, the view of self which is operative in these pages is that it is equivalently the sum total of the tripartite substructures as representable and phenomenally experienceable as a coherent and integral internal possession. We will return later to a specification of the relationship between the self as so conceived and the structural entities of ego and superego. For the moment I would like to turn to the developmental influence of the important internalization processes on the formation of the self. 这里虽然没有详尽地进入元心理学的混沌水域，但在这些章节中起作用的自体观点是，它等同于三个子结构的总和，作为一个连贯、完整的内在所有物，具有可表征性和现象性的可体验性。我们稍后将返回到这样构想的自体与自我和超我的结构实体之间关系的规范。现在我想谈谈重要的内化过程对自体形成的发展影响。