Relation to False Self 与虚假自体的关系 At this point, it may be useful to relate these considerations regarding a negative identity to what we have already formulated regarding the false self. I would regard the negative identity as one modality of expression of the false self. The false self may cast itself in such deviant and oppositional terms, but need not. In fact, more often than not, the false self shapes itself along the lines of the demands for conformity and submission of expectations. Indeed the negative identity may emerge at critical phases of the individual's developmental experience as a rebellion against and defensive alignment over against such a false self. The retreat from the false self may express itself in forms of psychotic disorganization, as we saw in the case of Bob B., but it may also play itself out in terms of the conflict and tension of opposite tendencies. Thus for Jim, the omnipotent fantasies of powerful exploitation served to counterbalance his underlying convictions of weakness and inadequacy, but the sense of false self that was embedded in both of these contexts did not express the true self potential that was ultimately revealed through the workings of his analysis. 在这一点上，将这些关于负面身份的考虑 与 我们已经提出的关于虚假自体的考虑 联系起来可能是有用的。我会把负面身份看作是虚假自体的一种表现形式。虚假自体可以把自己置于这种不正常和对立的条件中，但不需要。事实上，通常情况下，虚假自体会根据人们 对一致性的要求 和 对期望的顺从 来塑造自己。事实上，负面身份可能会出现在个体发展经历的关键阶段，作为对这种虚假自体的反抗和防御性结盟。从虚假自体的撤退可能以精神错乱的形式表现出来，就像我们在Bob B.的例子中看到的那样，但它也可能在相反倾向的冲突和紧张中发挥出来。因此对吉姆来说，对全能幻想的强力利用，平衡了他认为自己是虚弱和不胜任的潜在信念，但嵌入在这些环境下的虚假自体意识不能表达真实自体的潜能，而后者最终通过对他的分析被揭示了。 Similarly with Karen, the oppositional dialectic that was set up between her sense of feminine vulnerability and her need to be hyperdefended and aggressively castrating expressed her struggle with the dimensions of her own false self. Her rushing to a polarized form of hyperaggressive defensiveness gave expression to a form of negative identity that served to defend her against the sense of susceptibility and weak vulnerability that inhered in her sense of self—a sense that was essentially false and had to be undone by means of the analytic work. In both cases, when the attachment to the basic introjects was finally resolved through the analysis, the potential for an authentic and maturely operative sense of self was unleashed and was enabled to find its expression. 与卡伦相似的是，她的女性脆弱感 和 她需要过度防卫和攻击性阉割 之间的对立辩证 表达了她与虚假自体的维度之间的斗争。她急于需要过度攻击型防御的两极分化形式 表达了一种负面身份形式，用以保护她免受自体感中固有的易受影响感和脆弱感的侵害——这种感觉本质上是错误的，必须通过分析工作来消除。在这两种情况下，当通过分析最终解决了对基本内摄物的依恋时，一种真实而成熟运作的自体意识的潜力就释放了出来，并得以表达。 In discussing the antisocial tendency, Winnicott (1958) has called attention to the essentially redeeming quality of the antisocial behavior, as well as its potentiality for recovery, as a means of effecting a cure of underlying deprivation or defect. From the point of view of our discussion in this study, we can suppose that the same processes which are an expression of the potential for growth and for inner integration of the self, as well as its articulation in a context of relatedness to the environment around it, underlie both the establishment of a true self and its attendant sense of relatedness and belonging, as well as these pathological deviations. Thus the emergence of a false sense of self, as well as the formation of a negative sense of identity, can be seen as direct expressions of the same needs for internal organization and external embeddedness which are basic expressions of the inherent growth potential of the individual psyche. 在讨论反社会倾向时，Winnicott(1958)呼吁人们关注反社会行为本质上的救赎性，以及其作为治疗潜在的剥夺或缺陷的一种手段 的恢复性潜力。从我们在本研究中的讨论的观点来看，我们可以假设相同的过程(这过程表达了自体成长和内在整合的潜力，以及在与周围环境相关的上下文中表达自体的潜力)建立了真实自体和其伴随的相关感和归属感，以及这些病理性偏差。因此，虚假自体意识的出现，以及负面身份感的形成，都可以看作是对内在组织和外在嵌入的相同需求的直接表现，而内在组织和外在嵌入是个体心理内在成长潜力的基本表现。