Values and Belonging 价值观和归属 In bringing this attempt to formulate some of the implications and elaborations of the paranoid process in the wide spectrum of social and cultural phenomena to a close, I would like to call particular attention to a pressing yet relatively unexplored area of psychological thinking which is becoming a focus of increasing psychiatric concern. I refer to the whole question of the formation and function of value systems. It can be immediately seen that the whole question of ideologies and belief systems is closely intertwined with, and to a considerable degree overlaps, the question of value systems. It is also apparent that value systems hold a special and extremely significant place in the formation and adaptive organization of social groupings. It has been in fact maintained that the cultural life of the group is equivalently the vehicle through which the value system of the group is expressed and sustained (Parsons and Shils, 1962). 在结束这一试图阐明偏执过程在广泛的社会和文化现象中的一些影响和精化的时候，我想特别提请大家注意一个迫切的但相对未被探索的心理学思考领域，这个领域正在成为精神病学界日益关注的焦点。我指的是整个价值体系的形成和功能问题。可以立即看出，整个意识形态和信仰体系问题与价值体系问题紧密交织在一起，并在相当程度上重合。同时也可以看出，价值体系在社会群体的形成和适应性组织中占有特殊的、极其重要的地位。事实上，有人认为，群体的文化生活等于群体的价值体系得以表达和维持的载体（Parsons and Shils，1962）。 From the perspective of the participating member of the group, membership and the sense of participative belonging associated with it is in part a reflection of the internalization of group values. The member's affiliation and commitment to the group is a function, therefore, of the internalization of group values in such a way that they become incorporated with and assimilated to the inner frame of reference and structural organization which serves as the basis for the individual's sense of identity and selfhood. It is through this articulation and assimilation of values, then, that the individual attains a sense of self as belonging to, recognizing, participating in, and as acknowledged and accepted by the group. The group recognizes its members by reason of their adherence to its shared and communicated values. Consequently the mechanisms of sharing of values and their internalization serves as an essential component of the formation of and persistence of a sense of identity. 从参与群体的成员的角度来看，成员资格和与之相关的参与性归属感在一定程度上反映了群体价值的内化。因此，成员对群体的归属感和承诺是群体价值内化的一种功能，这种内化的方式使这些价值与作为个人身份感和自我性 基础的内在参照框架和结构化组织 融为一体并被吸收。那么，正是通过这种价值的表达和吸收，个人获得了一种归属、认可、参与、被群体承认和接纳的自体感。群体承认其成员的原因是他们对其共同的和交流的价值观的遵守。因此，价值观的分享和内化机制是形成和维持身份感的一个重要组成部分。